Teen births up here
by Beloit Daily News and Associated Press writers ¦ Beloit Daily News ¦ 6 December 2007 Teenage pregnancy rates locally are rising as they are across the country. The teen pregnancy rate in Rock County, 12.2 percent currently, is higher than the state average in 2006 of 8 percent of births overall.
In 2006, for example, 10.5 percent of babies in Rock County were born to mothers under 20-years-old or 214 teenage births out of 2,017 births overall.
That number grew in 2007. So far this year, 12.2 percent of babies were born to teen mothers in Rock County or 240 teenage births out of 1,969 births overall, according to Karen Cain, nursing director at the Rock County Health Department.
By race/ethnicity, teen births in Wisconsin represented 6 percent of births to whites, 22 percent of births to blacks, 16 percent of births to American Indians, 14 percent of births to Hispanics, 16 percent of births to Laotian/Hmong, and 4 percent of births to other races in 2006, according to the Department of Health and Family Services Web site.
Over the past decade, the overall teen birth rate in Wisconsin, births per 1,000 females aged 15-19, declined from 36.8 in 1996 to a low of 30.1 in 2005, then rose slightly in 2006 to a rate of 30.6.
The local and state trends are similar to a more widespread phenomenon. The nation's teen birth rate rose for the first time in 15 years, surprising government health officials and reviving the bitter debate about abstinence-only sex education.
The birth rate had been dropping since its peak in 1991, although the decline had slowed in recent years. On Wednesday, government statisticians said it rose 3 percent from 2005 to 2006.
The reason for the increase is not clear, and federal health officials said it might be a one-year statistical blip, not the beginning of a new upward trend.
However, some experts said they have been expecting a jump. They blamed it on increased federal funding for abstinence-only health education that doesn't teach teens how to use condoms and other contraception.
Some key sexually transmitted disease rates have been rising, including syphilis, gonorrhea and chlamydia. The rising teen pregnancy rate is part of the same phenomenon, said Dr. Carol Hogue, an Emory University professor of maternal and child health.
“It's not rocket science,” she said.
At the same time, some research suggests teens are using condoms far more often than they did 15 years ago.
The new teen birth numbers are based on the 15-19 age group of women, which accounted for most of the 440,000 births to teens in 2006. The rate rose to nearly 42 births per 1,000 in that group, up from 40.5 in 2005. That translates to an extra 20,000 births to teen mothers.
In 1991, the peak year for teen births, there were nearly 62 births per 1,000.
The new report is based on a review of more than 99 percent of the birth certificates from last year by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The report, released Wednesday, quickly took on political implications.
Opponents of abstinence-based programs seized on the data as evidence of wrong-headed government policy.
“Congress needs to stop knee-jerk approving abstinence-only funding when it's clear it's not working,” said U.S. Rep. Diana DeGette, D-Colo., who is pushing for more comprehensive sex education.
The new report offers a state-by-state breakdown of birth rates overall. Many of those with the highest birth rates teach abstinence instead of comprehensive sex education, according to the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.
And research has concluded that abstinence-only programs do not cause a decrease in teenage sexual activity, Planned Parenthood officials added.
“In the last decade, more than $1 billion has been wasted on abstinence-only programs,” said Cecile Richards, the organization's president, in a prepared statement.
Decreased condom use and increased sexual activity are two likely explanations for the higher teen birth rate. But not all data supports those theories, said John Santelli, a professor of population and family health at Columbia University's school of public health.
For example, a biannual government survey of high school students found that the percentage of those who said they used a condom the last time they had sex rose to 63 percent in 2005, up from 46 percent in 1991.
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